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KMID : 0381120150370020113
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Genes and Genomics
2015 Volume.37 No. 2 p.113 ~ p.123
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Retrotransposons: the intrinsic genomic evolutionist
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Rajput Manoj Kumar
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Abstract
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This review is confined to a handful and essential information on retrotransposons from various systems/hosts. The main objective of this review to explain that retrotransposons play a significant role in evolution by structuring and restructuring of genomes. The implications due to their structure and method of propagation makes them agents of genome evolution and biodiversity. The obesity of complex genomes is granted by diverse population of retrotransposons. The diversity at every level of biological organization including species, individual organism and molecules such as nucleic acid and proteins gives rise to evolution. The mechanism of regulation and activation of retrotransposons indicates that the retrotranaposons, which were earlier considered as junk, are very important for development of an organism and these elements play significant role in biological evolution. The similarity of retrotransposons with endoretroviruses brings them closer to retroviruses and helps to understand phylogenetics. The continued inheritance of retrotransposons may be due to evolutionary process that creates and preserves traits that are seemingly fitted for the functional roles they perform.
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KEYWORD
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Retrotransposons, Mobile elements, Genome evolution
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